This category of involvement encompasses all commercial activities linked to the exploitation of occupied Palestinian and Syrian land, resources and labor.
From the onset of its 1967 military occupation of the Palestinian territory and the Syrian Golan, Israel has used its military rule to the advantage of Israeli and international corporations and economic interests, to the detriment of the occupied Palestinian economy. All Palestinian imports and exports have been controlled, restricting the competition with Israeli producers, and making the Palestinian consumer market into a captive market for Israeli goods. Regulatory and effective restrictions were imposed on the development of businesses that could compete with Israeli industries, and all basic and utility services were routed through Israeli firms.
Severe restrictions on movement of Palestinian labor and goods inside the occupied Palestinian territory and to neighboring areas have further increased the dependency of the Palestinian economy on Israeli companies as employers and retailers. The growing apparatus of checkpoints and walls has all but destroyed Palestinian local production and the Palestinian labor bargaining power.
Israeli companies have a relative high concentration of capital and unobstructed freedom of movement. When operating in the occupied Palestinian territory they also enjoy special governmental support, access to cheap resources, tax incentives, and a very lax enforcement of labor laws and environmental protection laws. These advantages result in the exploitation of Palestinian labor, Palestinian natural resources and the Palestinian consumer market.
Arguably the most significant document for understanding the economy of the Israeli occupation, the Paris Protocol, signed as the economic annex of the Oslo Accords, codified and cemented Israeli domination over the subordinate Palestinian economy. The agreement regulated the financial relations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, placing them under the same taxation envelope. As a result, both markets are subjected to the Israeli currency and the same import and export system.
Though signed in 1994 as an interim agreement for a period of five years, the Paris Protocol continues to provide the basic framework for the economic relations between the occupying and the occupied economy. Its significance, which cannot be overstated, is that practically all Israeli companies involved with the Palestinian economy gain direct or indirect advantages from the actions of Israeli authorities and from the special conditions created by the occupation, and thus exploit the Palestinian economy. Therefore, the companies profiled by Who Profits serve only as examples of the different types of structural advantages enjoyed by Israeli and multinational companies in the framework of the Israeli occupation.
Who Profits has identified three sub-categories of corporate activity in Economic Exploitation: Palestinian Captive Market, Exploitation of Occupied Production and Resources and Labor Exploitation.
This sub-category of involvement refers to Israeli and international companies that benefit from structural advantages in the framework of... Read More
- Altice International
- B Communications
- B.D.T.H Israel Solar Energy Ltd.
- Bezeq - The Israeli Telecommunication Corporation
- Cellcom Israel
- Dan Public Transportation Company
- Dexcel Pharma Technologies
- eDreams ODIGEO
- Hapoalim Bank
- Hot Mobile (formerly: Mirs Communications)
- Hot Telecommunication Systems
- Leumi Bank
- Maman Cargo Terminals and Handling
- Mizrahi Tefahot Bank
- Mor Hasharon Fruit (Sharon Fruit)
- Nesher Israel Cement Enterprises
- Padcon
- Partner Communications (formerly Orange)
- Paz Oil Company
- Pelephone Communications
- Peretz Bonei Hanegev
- Perrigo (Formerly Agis)
- Salomon, Levin & Elstein (SLE)
- Taavura Holdings
- Tadmir Group Management & Operating (2006)
- Taro Pharmaceutical Industries
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
- The Central Bottling Company - CBC (Coca Cola Israel)
- Tnuva Group
- Trima Israel Pharmaceutical Products - Maabarot
This sub-category of involvement refers to the exploitation of occupied Palestinian and Syrian natural resources and production by Israeli... Read More
- ABB Group
- Adanim Tea Company (1991)
- Afek Oil and Gaz
- Ahava Dead Sea Laboratories
- All Trade Group
- Ashtrom Group
- Bickel Group
- CETCO Mineral Technology Group
- Compost Or
- Cott Corporation
- Covenant Group
- Dan Public Transportation Company
- Dekel Acher Construction and Investments
- Eden Springs
- EffiSolar Enterprises Inc.
- Eldad Spivak Engineering Co.
- Elyakim Ben Ari
- Energix Renewable Energies
- Enerpoint Israel
- Enlight Renewable Energy
- General Electric
- Genie Energy
- Greennet Recycling and Waste Treatment
- Hai Dolev Holdings Ltd.
- Hanson Israel (formerly: Pioneer Concrete Israel)
- Harel Insurance Investments and Financial Services
- HeidelbergCement
- Herrenknecht
- Israel Salt Company
- Kfar Giladi Quarries
- M.G.A. Energy Solutions
- Medan - Roads and Quarries
- Meitarim Quarry
- Menorah Mivtahim Holdings
- Mifalei Tuff - Agricultural Cooperative Society LTD
- Minrav Group
- Nextcom Group
- Oron Group Investments & Holdings Ltd.
- Padcon
- Refu Elektronik
- Salit HaAdumim Quarry & Stone Processing Plant
- Shamir Salads
- Solaredge Technologies
- Solvay
- Suntech
- T.M.M. Integrated Recycling Industries
- Tempo Beverages
- Teperberg 1870
- The Phoenix Holdings
- Tyrec
- Tzifha International
- Y. Tzarfati Car and Metal Services
- Y.D. Barazani
- Yamit Filtration and Water Treatment (Formerly: Yamit E.L.I.)
- Yatir Quarry
This sub-category of involvement refers to the exploitation of occupied labor by Israeli and multinational corporations. The Israeli... Read More
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